The Museum Essays - Museology, Types Of Museum, Museum, Ennigaldi

The Museum Essays - Museology, Types Of Museum, Museum, Ennigaldi The Museum An institution- conserves collection of artifacts and objects, artistic, cultural, historical, scientific Aims- serving researchers, specialists, and general public- goals shifting Digitization of information Purpose -Collect interpret and display items, education of the public, purposes can depend on ones pov -main role of the museum- storehouse of knowledge -1829 estate of James Smithson- Smithsonian Institution- "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge" -late 19th century- museums of natural history- consumption and order- all examples of each classification of a field of knowledge- the purpose, research and display- colleges develop their own natural history collection -museum purposes can vary from institution to collect interpret and display protect and preserve artifacts Most Visited Museums History -oldest museum in evidence c. 530 BC/BCE Ennigaldi-Naomi- devoted to Mesopotanian antiquities -Museum at Alexandria- 3rd century bc/bce Ptolemy I Soter- college of scholars and a library- more of a resmblence to a university or graduate institute -early museums- private collections of wealthy individuals, families, instituionsof art and rare natural objects and artifacts often displayed in wonder rooms or cabinets of curiositites- elite groups of individual became collectors of many different types of objects -idea was to consume and collect as much knowledge as possible and thenput in displays English museum from Latin originally from ancient Greek mouseion' Place or temple dedicated to the muses or a place for study a library Muses- nine goddesses who preside(spoke about) over literature, the arts and sciences -Prinecess Ennigaldi- Nanna daughter of Nabonidus last King of Babylonian Empire -Ur - southern Iraq -Ennigaldi- school administrator, ran a school for priestesses, museam curator -archaeologist Leonard Woolley excavated the ruins -in 18th century museum philosophy would begin to change- scholars of the Age of Enlightenment introduced organization and classification rather than random displays Oldest Public Museums Modern Museums -first public museums' middle and upper classes- British Museum 1759 -Ashmolean Museum, 1677- Elias Ashmole- University Of Oxford- first modern public Museum? -Louvre Museum 1793 French Revolution- first public museum in France -US museums- late 19th and 20th century Museum management -board of Trustees then the director -museum positions- curator, collections management/registrar, public programmer/educator-exhibition designer,building operators Museums Planning -planning the museum mission and the space to house the collection -John Cotton Dana - museum founder and librarian - series of books on founding of Newark Museum, early 20th century Dana emphasized committee first and researching out to the community Exhibition Design -process builds on an interpretive plan for an exhibit and determines the most effective, engaging, and appropriate methods of communicating a message or telling a story different types of museums: architectural-archeology-art-biographical-childrens-design-ethnology-maritime-memorial-militaryandwar-mobile-natural history-open air-pop up-science-zoological parks- and biotanic gardens